python画图1

折线图

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
import numpy as np

# 设置字体加粗
font_props = font_manager.FontProperties(weight='bold')
# 设置黑体字体
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'Times New Roman'
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 用来正常显示负号

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 设置图表的长和高
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6, 5))  # 设置图表的宽度为8，高度为6

    # 创建轴
    ax1 = fig.add_subplot()
    # fig,ax1 = plt.subplots()
    # plt.rcParams['axes.linewidth'] = 3
    # fig.subplots_adjust(left=0, bottom=0) #调整图的四周间距
    # ax1.spines['right'].set_visible(False)  # 右边
    # ax1.spines['top'].set_visible(False)  # 上边

    x_data = ['1', '5', '10', '15', '25', '50', '100', '150', '200', '250']
    y_data =[0.7,0.5,0.6,0.4,0.3,0.4,0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6]

    ax1.plot(x_data, y_data,  color='royalblue',marker='s',linewidth=2, markersize=8,markerfacecolor='none',markeredgewidth=2)

    ax1.set_xlabel("XXX",fontsize=20,weight='bold')
    ax1.set_ylabel("YYY",fontsize=20,weight='bold')
    # 调整刻度值的字号
    ax1.tick_params(axis='y', direction='in', labelsize=18)
    ax1.tick_params(axis='x', direction='in', labelsize=18)
    # 设置Y轴显示范围
    ax1.set_ylim(0, 1)
    ax1.yaxis.grid(True)

    #让左右边框值一致
    ax2 = ax1.twiny()
    # 隐藏刻度线值
    ax2.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', colors='white', labelsize=1,bottom=False, top=False, left=False, right=False,labelbottom=False, labelleft=False)

    # ax1.spines['right'].set_linewidth(1.5)
    # ax1.spines['left'].set_lignewidth(1.5)
    # ax1.spines['top'].set_linewidth(1.5)
    # ax1.spines['bottom'].set_linewidth(1.5)

    # plt.legend(); #不需要图例时不调用
    # 导出为PNG文件，分辨率设置为100像素,  bbox_inches='tight':去除坐标轴占用的空间   pad_inches=0:去除所有白边
    plt.savefig('pngs/pic1.png', dpi=600, bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0)

柱状图

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
import numpy as np
# 设置字体加粗
font_props = font_manager.FontProperties(weight='bold')
# 设置黑体字体
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'Times New Roman'
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 用来正常显示负号

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # hatch_par = ['/', '', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*']
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax1 = fig.add_subplot()

    x_data = ['5','10','15','20','25','30','35','40']
    y_data =[0.04,0.02,0.03,0.05,0.05,0.04,0.02,0.05]
    y_data1 = [0.03,0.03,0.03,0.06,0.04,0.06,0.02,0.02]

    F2 = ax1.bar(x_data, y_data1, color='royalblue', width=0.5,label='---',zorder=100,hatch='/')
    F1 = ax1.bar(x_data, y_data, color='orange', width=0.5, bottom=y_data1, label='...',zorder=100,hatch='\\')

    ax1.set_xlabel("XXX", fontsize=20, weight='bold')
    ax1.set_ylabel("YYY", fontsize=20, weight='bold')
    # 调整刻度值的字号
    ax1.tick_params(axis='y', direction='in', labelsize=18)
    ax1.tick_params(axis='x', direction='in', labelsize=18)

    # 设置Y轴显示范围
    ax1.set_ylim(0, 0.12)
    ax1.yaxis.grid(True)

# 让左右边框值一致
    ax2 = ax1.twiny()
    # 隐藏刻度线值
    ax2.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', colors='white', labelsize=1, bottom=False, top=False, left=False,
                    right=False, labelbottom=False, labelleft=False)
    legend = [F1, F2]
    labels = [l.get_label() for l in legend]
    legend = ax1.legend(legend, labels, fontsize=10)

    plt.savefig('pngs/pic7.png', dpi=600, bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0)

折线+柱状图

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker

# 设置字体加粗
font_props = font_manager.FontProperties(weight='bold')
# 设置黑体字体
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'Times New Roman'
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 用来正常显示负号
plt.rcParams.update({'font.size': 17})
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 设置图表的长和高
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6, 5))  # 设置图表的宽度为8，高度为6
    fig.set_size_inches(6, 5)
    # 创建轴
    ax1 = fig.add_subplot()

    x_data = ['1','5','10','15','25','50','100','150','200','250','300']
    y_data = [8000000,7000000,6000000,6000000,3000000,1000000,600000,300000,100000,100000,100000] #Entry replacement count
    # x_data2 = [0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0]
    y_data2=[0.8,0.5,0.3,0.8,0.7,0.4,0.7,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6] #Prediction ratio

# 绘制第1个轴
    bar=ax1.bar(x_data, y_data, color='royalblue', label="------",zorder=100)

    # ax1.ticklabel_format(style='sci', axis='y', scilimits=(0, 0),useMathText=True)
    # 自定义y轴标签
    def exp_formatter(x, pos):
        # print(x)
        if x == 0.0:
            return f'{0}'
        elif x < 10000000:
            x = x / 1000000
            return f'{x:.0f}e6'
        else:
            x = x / 10000000
            return f'{x:.0f}e7'
    ax1.yaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(exp_formatter))

    ax1.set_xlabel("XXX", fontsize=20, weight='bold')
    ax1.set_ylabel("YYY", fontsize=20, weight='bold')
    ax1.tick_params(axis='y', direction='in',labelsize=18)
    ax1.tick_params(axis='x', labelsize=18)
    ax1.set_ylim([0, 10000000])
    ax1.yaxis.grid(True, zorder=0)

# 绘制第2个轴
    ax2 = ax1.twinx()
    line,=ax2.plot(x_data, y_data2, 'gs-', label="......", linewidth=2, markersize=8, markerfacecolor='none',
             markeredgewidth=2)
    # ax2.set_xlabel("Time window size(s)", fontsize=20, weight='bold')
    ax2.set_ylabel("Y222", fontsize=20, weight='bold')
    ax2.tick_params(axis='y', direction='in',labelsize=18)
    ax2.set_ylim([0, 1])

    # 合并图例
    legend = [bar, line]
    labels = [l.get_label() for l in legend]
    legend=ax1.legend(legend, labels,bbox_to_anchor=(1, 1))
    # 设置字体属性
    font_props = FontProperties(weight='bold', size=10)
    for text in legend.get_texts():
        text.set_font_properties(font_props)

    plt.savefig("pngs/pic3.png", dpi=600, bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0)